Boiler-furnace



2 Sheets-Sham; 2. G. S. BGSWOR'IH.

\ Boiler Furnace. No. 228,976. Patented JuneY 22, |880.`

" damper, back tire-plate, grate-bearings, and

-the following is a full,clear, and eXact descripthereon.

ftwo fire-grates, and indicating the application a more complete combustion of fuel used in eEoRen s. BoswonTH,

OF TROY, NEW YORK.

BOILER-FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 228,976, dated June 22, 1880.

Application led November 14, 1879.

To all whom itmag/ concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE S. BOSWORTH, of Troy, county of Rensselaer and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inBoiler-Furnaces, of which tion, reference bein g had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked Figure 1V is a front elevation of a stationary boiler, showing the tubular grate-bars in crosssection, the register-dani per being omitted the better to show lthe location and arrangement of said bars. Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal section of the same boiler, showing the combustion chamber and grate, the partition,

bottom of hot-air chamber being in cross-section; and Fig?) is a plan of same. showing the grate in position, the diagonal sha-ding representing the brick-work or boiler-setting. Fig. 4 is a central longitudinal section of a locomotive-boiler, showing my improvements applied thereto. Fig.5 is a longitudinal section of a portion of a marine boiler, showing my improvements applied thereto, as in the pre-` vious iigures, the boiler being provided with of my invention to such boilers as now made.

Like letters of reference in all the gures indicate corresponding parts.

The object of my improvements is to effect boiler-furnaces than is possible in any of the ordinary arrangements, and thereby lessen the amount of fuel required and increase the amount of steam produced.

The invention has relation to all manner of boilers used for the generation of steam; and it consists in certain new and useful combinations or arrangements of parts, whereby the air to support combustion is first thoroughly heated by the burning gases and the fuel upon the grate, and then conducted downwardly through the mass of fuel between the gratebars and out with the inflamed gases, provision being made for tempering the lire by reversing the draft through the fuel, or by passing a current of air over it, (one or both;) and the construction involves, in connection with the other essential and well-known elements of the furnace, the use of flre-grates made of tubes or pipes (either wrought or cast metal) arranged and secured in proper position, having both ends open-one forthe admission of air either from an artificial blast or natural draft, and the other for the discharge of air into the air-chamber for the purpose of heating the same before it comes in contact with the fuel, (thereby making a hot-air furnace 5) a partition set across the furnace and joining the'boiler-shell, crown-sheet, or water-space, (as the construction of the boiler may make necessary in stationary', locomotive, and marine boilers,) having proper and suflcientopenin gs, with damperor dampers to regulatethe amount of draft or blast required; a back fire plate or wall fitted and set over the tubular grates at or near their inner ends at a proper distance from the beforementioned partition, and eX- tending upward a sufficient distance to secure the proper depth of fire-box, and forming an air-chamber, into which the heated air is discharged after passing through the tubular grates 5 a sufciently extensive combustionchamber under the tubular grates and between the partition Hue-sheet and water-space in locomotive and marine boilers, and between said partition and bridge-wall in stationary boilers, into which the gases are conducted in a downward direction and iniiamed and passed through the entire length of the flues under and through said boiler, preventing the escape of unconsumed gases; and a damper so located and arranged in the above-mentioned partition that when it is turned down it will close the openings between the bridge-wall and the back fire-plate, causing the air from the tubular grates to pass down into the combustion-chamber, then upward through the fuel and over the damper through the openings in 4the partition, thence to the filles, for the purpose of controlling the fire as necessity may require, which parts or elements are combined and arranged as hereinafter explained, or as in the claims specially set forth.

A A are the tubular grates, B B the combustion-chamber, and O the back fire-plate or lire-wall. The tubes A A are supported at front and rear, as at It and h, the front ends being left open for the inflow of air, governed, if desired, by a damper, as at u., Figs. 2 and 3,

and the discharge ends opening into the hotair chamber b. This hot-air chamber b communicates with the space above the fuel, and when the damper d is turned up, as indicated by the full lines in all the figures, the course of the feed-air is as follows: Entering at the open ends of the tubes, it is highly heated therein, and passes directly to thehot-air chamber b, where it is further heated, and from this chamber it passes upward and over the fireplate or fire-wall G, then downward through the ignited fuel and between the tubular grates A into the combustion-chamber B B. NVhen the boiler is arranged as in Fig. 2, the ignited gases are conveyed onward through fluef to the back of boiler, then through the returnflues to the smoke-stack, as indicated by the arrows. In Figs. 4 and 5 the arrangementis shown to be such that the ignited gases enter thc boiler-tlues immediately upon leaving the combustion-chamber.

The damper d is hung in the partition c, which separates the hot-air chamber b from the combustion-chamber, and so arran ged that when turned up it will close the communication between said chambers, except through the mass of fuel upon the grates, and when turned down, as indicated by the dotted lines, will cause the feed-air to pass from chamber I) into chamber B B, and thence upward through the fuel and out through partition e over the top of the damper, thus reversing the direction of the current or draft.

The inner bearin g, h, for the grates is fitted and fastened to the partition e, and it also forms the bottom of the hot-air chamber. The outer or front bearing, 7L', is secured to the front of the boiler. The partition c is fitted into suitable fastenings at the sides and top of the furnace (allowance for expansion in all cases being made) in stationary boilers, and to the water-legs or water-spaces forming the sides of the furnace in locomotive and marine boilers. The back fire-plate or fire-wall, C, is fitted over the grates and secured to the sides of the furnace in the same manner as the partition.

To start the re I put the fuel on the gra-tes and the kindlings on the top of the fuel. The air or draft is admitted through the tubular grates into the air-chamber, then upward and over the back fire plate or wall into the firebox, thence downwardly through the ignited fuel and the spaces between the tubular grates into the combustion-chamber, thence to the boiler-flues, filling said chamber and ijues with ame instead of unconsumed gases or smoke. Thus complete combustion results, and I am enabled to increase the temperature of the boiler, so as to evaporate more water with less fuel than can be done under anyother form or arrangement of which I am aware.

From the foregoing description it will be observed that the arrangement is quite simple,

abled to obtain the desired downward dow of f air through the fuel when the maximum effects are required. I can reverse the draft through the fuel at pleasure in order to temper or dampen down the fire, or by opening the feeddoor and turning the damper down I can quickly extinguish the tire by'permitting a draft of cold air over its top. The fire may also be controlled by regulating the quantity of feed-air admitted by use of the damper a.

Since the feed-air is intensely heated while passing through the tubular grates and the hotair chamber before coming in contact with the fuel, I collect and use a great amount of heat that would otherwise be lost, and by the introduction of the highly-heated air into the burning fuel the gases are liberated therefrom in a better condition to unite with the oxygen contained in the feed-air.

The combustion-chamber B B should be of ample size to allow for the expansion of the inflamed mixture of air and gases 5 otherwise the proper complete combustion could not result.

The damper d is provided with a handle, g, Fig. 3.

In the double furnace indicated in Fig. 5 the arrangement for both fires is the same as in the single furnace, and either fire may be controlled in accordance with the foregoing explanations.

In Fig. etthe draft-inlet extends beneath the combustion chamber. This construction is mainly intended for use in connection with locomotive-boilers, and possesses many advantageous features in such connection.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination of the tubular grates A, hot-air chamber, partition e and damper mounted therein, and the combustion-chamber, the arrangement being substantially as described, so that the direction of the draft may be changed from ldownward to upward through the fuel by simply turning the damper, substantially as shown and explained.

2. In a boiler-furnace, the combination of the tubular grate-bars, hot-air chamber, firebox, enlarged combustion-chamber communieating with the boiler-dues, and the partition e, with dampered aperture, the whole being combined and arranged substantially as shown and described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand in the presence 0f two witnesses.

GEORGE S. BOSWORTH.

Vitnesses:

ANDREW CUNNINGHAM, JOHN S. HYMAN.

IOO 

